Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of chewing gums containing CPP-ACP in remineralisation of demineralised enamel around orthodontic brackets. Material and Methods: Enamel blocks from 120 bovine incisors were used. The blocks were flattened and polished, followed by the development of incipient subsurface caries. The blocks have been subjected to a baseline microhardness analysis. Orthodontic brackets were bonded to the exposed area of the blocks, reserving an area for hardness analysis. An in situ crossover (three-way crossover phases of 21 days with an interval of one week between them), controlled, randomised and blind experimental model was used, with the participation of 12 volunteers divided into groups: G1 – negative control group, without chewing gum; G2 – conventional sugar-free chewing gum, without CPP-ACP (placebo); and G3 – sugar-free chewing gum with CPP-ACP. The following parameters were analysed: superficial linear (Ra), volumetric roughness (Sa), and superficial structural loss, which was indicated by Gap measurement (difference between the healthy and treated area). Statistical tests used were the Friedman, Wilcoxon and Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal Wallis' nonparametric tests and ANOVA. Results: There was a significant reduction in enamel microhardness after demineralisation in all the groups (p<0.05). This deleterious effect was attenuated in the three groups after the final evaluation, although there were no statistical differences (p<0.05); however, the final values did not return to the baseline values (p<0.05). Conclusion: Chewing gum containing CPP-ACP did not promote in situ remineralisation of demineralised enamel around orthodontic brackets.

ABSTRACT Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is known as Leopard syndrome, which is a mnemonic rule for multiple lentigines (L), electrocardiographic conduction abnormalities (E), ocular hypertelorism (O), pulmonary stenosis (P), abnormalities of genitalia (A), retardation of growth (R), and deafness (D). We report the case of a 12-year-old patient with some of the abovementioned characteristics: hypertelorism, macroglossia, lentigines, hypospadias, cryptorchidism, subaortic stenosis, growth retardation, and hearing impairment. Due to this set of symptoms, we diagnosed Leopard syndrome.

Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de diferentes bebidas alcoólicas sobre a força de decaimento de elásticos ortodônticos.Material e método: Em estudo laboratorial, foram testados 7 grupos de amostra, sendo: 1 grupo controle representado pela água destilada, e 6 experimentais: 2- Wisky, 3-Conhaque, 4-Vodka, 5-Cerveja, 6-Cachaça e 7-Vinho. Utilizou-se gabaritos para realizar a submersão das cadeias nas soluções de bebidas alcoólicas durante 30 segundos, uma vez ao dia nos grupos experimentais. A medição de força foi realizada com um dinamômetro digital em seis períodos diferentes 0, 1, 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias.Resultado: Não houve diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos nos momentos baseline, 7 dias, 14 dias e 28 dias. Foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre o grupo 7 e os demais no momento 24 horas e entre o grupo 1 e os demais no período 21 dias. No período 28 dias não houve diferenças significativas no padrão de força entre todos os grupos (p<0.05)Conclusão: As bebidas alcoolicas não exercem influência na degradação da força dos elásticos em cadeia.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of different alcoholic beverages on the decline in force of orthodontic elastics.Material and method: In a laboratory study, 6 groups of alcoholic beverages were tested. Control group (Group 1) was composed of distilled water. Experimental groups were Whisky (Group 2), Brandy (Group 3), Vodka (Group 4), Beer (Group 5), Sugar Cane Spirit/Rum (Group 6), Wine (Group 7). In the experimental groups, templates were used to enable elastics to be submerged in the alcoholic beverages for 30 seconds once a day. Force was measured with a digital dynamometer in six different time intervals: baseline, 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days.Result:There were no significant differences between the treatments in the time intervals: baseline, 7, 14 and 28 days. There were statistical differences between Group 7 and the others in the first 24 hours, and between Group 1 and the others after 21 days. After 28 days, there were no significant differences in the force pattern among all groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: Alcoholic beverages had no influence on the decline in force of the chain elastics.

Eccrine syringofibroadenoma is a rare benign neoplasia derived from acrosyryngium cells of the eccrine sudoriferous glands. It affects the extremities of elderly individuals as solitary tumors, or may also present as multiple lesions. There are controversies about the pathogenesis and differentiation of the tumor. Eccrine syringofibroadenoma has been associated with subjacent conditions, such as for example, hypohidrotic ectodermic dysplasias. The authors describe a case report of a patient with Clouston Syndrome, who presented papules and nodules in extremities, clinically and histologically compatible with eccrine syringofibroadenoma. There are only three cases described in the literature, associated with Clouston Syndrome, and this is the fourth case.

The present article describes a clinical case of an adult patient using an orthodontic appliance, who returned to the dental office after the placement of orthodontic mini-implants, complaining of aphthas. By means of clinical and case history evaluation the diagnosis of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis was reached. The treatment was prescription of an antiviral agent associated with a chlorhexidine-based oral mouthwash. One week after their onset, there was complete regression of the lesions.

El presente artículo describe un caso clínico de un paciente adulto utilizando un aparato de ortodoncia, que regresó a la consulta dental después de la colocación de mini-implantes ortodónticos, quejándose de aftas. Por medio de la evaluación clínica y de historia del caso, el diagnóstico de gingivoestomatitis herpética primaria fue realizado. El tratamiento fue la prescripción de un agente antiviral asociados con un enjuague bucal con clorhexidina. Una semana después de su inicio, se produjo regresión completa de las lesiones.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a resistência à fratura de fêmures de ratos tratados com o imunossupressor tacrolimus FK-506 e compará-los a ratos tratados com placebo e não tratados. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 90 ratos da linhagem Wistar machos. Os animais tinham nove semanas de idade e peso entre 220 e 280g. O medicamento utilizado neste estudo foi o agente imunossupressor tacrolimus administrado por via oral, 2mg/kg/dia. A suspensão foi administrada com auxílio de seringa de insulina, sendo a dose terapêutica de manutenção suficiente para manter a atividade imunossupressora. Os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos (n = 30): grupo 1, nenhuma substância administrada; grupo 2, administração do imunossupressor tacrolimus FK-506; e grupo 3, administrado apenas veículo. O tratamento com FK-506 foi realizado por 28 dias. Foram avaliadas as contagens totais de leucócitos e diferencial (linfócitos, monócitos, eosinófilos e neutrófilos), com objetivo de monitoramento do efeito imunossupressor. Uma outra análise realizada foi a da densitometria óssea por absorção de raios-X de dupla energia (DXA) antes e após administração do fármaco. Para avaliar a resistência à flexão, desenvolveu-se dispositivo que serviu de apoio para realização dos ensaios mecânicos em máquina universal de ensaios mecânicos EMIC. RESULTADOS: Os resultados da resistência à flexão demonstraram diferenças estatísticas entre os grupo 1 e 2 (p = 0,001) e 2 e 3 (p = 0,001). Não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos 1 e 3 (p = 0,995). CONCLUSÕES: Os fêmures de ratos tratados com o imunossupressor apresentam menor resistência mecânica que os de ratos normais e os que utilizaram placebo.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the resistance to femur fractures in rats treated with the immunosuppressant tacrolimus FK-506 and compare them to untreated rats and rats treated with placebo. METHODS: We used 90 male Wistar rats. The animals were 9 weeks old and weighing between 220 g and 280 g. The immunosuppressive agent tacrolimus, 2 mg / kg / day, orally administered was used in this study. The suspension was administered using an insulin syringe, and the maintenance dose was sufficient to maintain the immunosuppressive activity. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=30): Group 1, no substance administered; Group 2 was administered the immunosuppressant tacrolimus FK-506; and Group 3 was administered only the vehicle. Treatment with FK-506 was performed for 28 days. Total and differential (lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils) leukocyte counts were done to monitor the immunosuppressive effect. Bone densitometry analysis by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was also done before and after administration of the drug. To evaluate the flexural strength, a support device was developed to aid in mechanical tests using an EMIC universal testing machine. RESULTS: The results of the flexural strength tests showed statistical differences between group 1 and 2 (p = 0.001) and 2 and 3 (p = 0.001). No statistical difference was found between groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.995). CONCLUSIONS: The femurs of rats treated with immunosuppressive agent have lower mechanical strength than those of normal rats and those using placebo.